Kerala Kalamandalam: Nurturing the Seeds of Classical Art.
As ardent enthusiasts and practitioners of the rich tapestry of Indian classical art forms, we have always been captivated by the institutions that serve as the bedrock for their preservation and propagation. Among these, Kerala Kalamandalam holds a place of unparalleled significance. More than just a university, it is a living embodiment of Kerala’s artistic soul, a hallowed ground where ancient traditions breathe and evolve, shaping generations of artists who carry the torch of classical excellence into the future. Join us as we delve into the world of Kerala Kalamandalam, a deemed university that stands as a testament to the enduring power and beauty of classical art.
Kerala Kalamandalam, nestled in the serene village of Cheruthuruthy in Kerala, is not merely an educational institution; it is a sanctuary for the performing arts. Established in 1930, during a period when many of Kerala’s traditional art forms faced the threat of extinction, Kalamandalam emerged as a beacon of hope. The visionaries behind this noble endeavor were the renowned Malayalam poet, Vallathol Narayana Menon, and P. Mukunda Raja, who together recognized the urgent need to revive, preserve, and promote the classical art forms of Kerala. Their foresight and unwavering commitment laid the foundation for an institution that would, in time, become synonymous with excellence in classical art education.
The socio-political landscape of the early 20th century in Kerala was undergoing significant transformations. Colonial influences and changing societal preferences were gradually pushing traditional art forms to the periphery of cultural life. Recognizing this imminent danger, Vallathol Narayana Menon, a passionate advocate for cultural revival, dreamt of creating a center where these art forms could be systematically taught, practiced, and nurtured. He envisioned a place that would not only impart technical skills but also instill a deep respect and understanding of the cultural heritage embedded within these art forms. With the generous support of Mukunda Raja and other patrons, this dream took shape, and Kerala Kalamandalam was born.
Initially started in Kunnamkulam, Kalamandalam soon moved to its present picturesque location in Cheruthuruthy, on the banks of the Bharathapuzha river. This tranquil setting, away from the hustle and bustle of urban life, provides the perfect environment for intensive artistic training, mirroring the ancient Gurukula system of learning where students resided with their Gurus, immersing themselves completely in the art form. This residential nature of Kalamandalam continues to be one of its defining characteristics, fostering a close-knit community of artists dedicated to their craft.
At the heart of Kerala Kalamandalam lies its comprehensive curriculum, meticulously designed to provide in-depth training in a diverse range of classical art forms. The institution offers degree and diploma courses in various disciplines, catering to students with different levels of experience and aspirations. The primary focus remains on the major classical performing arts of Kerala, but the scope has expanded over the years to include other significant Indian art forms.
Let’s take a look at the diverse departments and art forms taught at Kerala Kalamandalam:
| Department | Art Forms Taught | Notable Features |
| Kathakali | Kathakali Vesham (various character types), Kathakali Music, Chenda, Maddalam | Rigorous physical and vocal training, emphasis on character portrayal and storytelling. |
| Mohiniyattam | Mohiniyattam Dance, Mohiniyattam Music | Graceful and lyrical movements, focus on feminine aesthetics and emotive expression. |
| Koodiyattam | Koodiyattam (acting, Chakyarkoothu, Nangiar Koothu), Mizhavu | Ancient Sanskrit theatre tradition, complex acting techniques, elaborate rituals. |
| Thullal | Ottanthullal, Parayan Thullal, Seethankan Thullal, Thullal Music | Solo dance form combining humor, social commentary, and rhythmic movements. |
| Bharatanatyam | Bharatanatyam Dance, Bharatanatyam Music | Classical dance form from Tamil Nadu, known for its intricate footwork and expressive gestures. |
| Vocal Music | Carnatic Vocal Music, Sopana Sangeetham | Training in classical vocal styles, including traditional Kerala styles. |
| Instrumental Music | Chenda, Maddalam, Mizhavu, Mridangam, Violin | Training in percussion and melodic instruments essential for accompanying classical performances. |
| Panchavadyam | Panchavadyam Performance | Ensemble percussion music tradition of Kerala, involving five instruments. |
| Visual Arts | Painting, Sculpture | Training in traditional Kerala mural painting and sculpture techniques. |
This table provides a glimpse into the breadth and depth of artistic disciplines nurtured within Kalamandalam. Each department is headed by eminent Gurus, masters in their respective fields, who impart their knowledge and skills through a dedicated and personalized teaching approach.
One of the hallmarks of Kerala Kalamandalam is its unwavering commitment to the Gurukula tradition. Students live on campus, learning not only within the classroom but also through constant interaction with their Gurus and fellow students. This immersive environment fosters a deep understanding of the art form, not just as a technique but as a way of life. The rigorous training regime encompasses practical sessions, theoretical classes, workshops, and performances. Students are encouraged to engage with the historical, philosophical, and social contexts of their chosen art forms, developing a holistic appreciation for their artistic heritage.
The pedagogy at Kalamandalam emphasizes both individual excellence and collaborative learning. While students hone their individual skills under the guidance of their Gurus, they also participate in group performances and productions, fostering a sense of camaraderie and artistic synergy. This collaborative spirit is crucial for art forms like Kathakali and Koodiyattam, which are inherently ensemble-based.
Kalamandalam’s contribution to the world of classical arts is immeasurable. Its alumni roster reads like a who’s who of Indian classical performing arts. Renowned Kathakali exponents like Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair and Kalamandalam Gopi, Mohiniyattam maestros like Kalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma, and countless other luminaries have honed their skills within the walls of this institution. These artists have not only enriched the classical art scene in India but have also taken Kerala’s art forms to global audiences, spreading the beauty and intricacy of these traditions across the world.
In recognition of its exceptional contributions and its role in preserving and promoting classical arts, Kerala Kalamandalam was granted the status of a Deemed University in 2006. This prestigious recognition further cemented its position as a leading center for classical arts education in India, empowering it to further expand its academic programs and research initiatives.
However, like any institution deeply rooted in tradition, Kerala Kalamandalam also faces its share of contemporary challenges. In a rapidly changing world, where entertainment options are diverse and attention spans are often fleeting, sustaining interest in classical art forms requires constant effort and innovation. Kalamandalam is actively engaged in adapting and evolving its approach without compromising its core values and artistic integrity. Efforts are being made to:
- Modernize Curriculum: Integrating contemporary perspectives and interdisciplinary approaches into the curriculum to make it more relevant to today’s students.
- Embrace Technology: Utilizing technology for documentation, research, and dissemination of knowledge about classical arts.
- Reach Wider Audiences: Organizing performances and workshops in diverse settings to attract new audiences and generate interest in classical art forms.
- Foster Innovation: Encouraging experimentation and creativity within the framework of tradition, allowing for the organic evolution of art forms.
Despite the challenges, Kerala Kalamandalam remains steadfast in its mission to preserve and propagate the invaluable heritage of classical arts. As Jawaharlal Nehru eloquently stated:
“Culture is the widening of the mind and of the spirit.”
